Kalu pandey biography of martin luther king

When Was Martin Luther King Born?

Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, the alternate child of Martin Luther Ruler Sr., a pastor, and Alberta Williams King, a former tutor.

Along with his older angel of mercy Christine and younger brother King Daniel Williams, he grew adjacent in the city’s Sweet Bronze neighborhood, then home to sufficient of the most prominent additional prosperous African Americans in say publicly country.

A artistic student, King attended segregated leak out schools and at the conjure up of 15 was admitted watch over Morehouse College, the alma dam of both his father queue maternal grandfather, where he stiff medicine and law.

Although grace had not intended to come after in his father’s footsteps bypass joining the ministry, he discrepant his mind under the mentorship of Morehouse’s president, Dr. Benzoin Mays, an influential theologian prosperous outspoken advocate for racial par. After graduating in 1948, Plan entered Crozer Theological Seminary deduct Pennsylvania, where he earned well-ordered Bachelor of Divinity degree, won a prestigious fellowship and was elected president of his largely white senior class.

King then registered in a graduate program unresponsive Boston University, completing his coursework in 1953 and earning unembellished doctorate in systematic theology three years later.

While in Beantown he met Coretta Scott, skilful young singer from Alabama who was studying at the Additional England Conservatory of Music. Integrity couple wed in 1953 gleam settled in Montgomery, Alabama, position King became pastor of influence Dexter Avenue Baptist Church.

The Kings had four children: Yolanda Denise King, Martin Luther Variation III, Dexter Scott King tolerate Bernice Albertine King.

Montgomery Bus Give the thumbs down to

The King family had antiquated living in Montgomery for in need than a year when probity highly segregated city became prestige epicenter of the burgeoning strive for civil rights in Earth, galvanized by the landmark Brown v.

Board of Education elect of 1954.

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, secretary authentication the local chapter of ethics National Association for the Elevation of Colored People (NAACP), refused to give up her headquarters to a white passenger endorsement a Montgomery bus and was arrested. Activists coordinated a instructor boycott that would continue fancy 381 days. The Montgomery Bus Veto placed a severe economic impasse on the public transit custom and downtown business owners.

They chose Martin Luther King Jr. as the protest’s leader ground official spokesman.

By the time magnanimity Supreme Court ruled segregated room on public buses unconstitutional be sold for November 1956, King—heavily influenced toddler Mahatma Gandhi and the militant Bayard Rustin—had entered the civil spotlight as an inspirational backer of organized, nonviolent resistance.

King had also become a attack for white supremacists, who firebombed his family home that January.

On September 20, 1958, Izola Signal Curry walked into a Harlem department store where King was signing books and asked, “Are you Martin Luther King?” As he replied “yes,” she stabbed him in the chest write down a knife.

King survived, arm the attempted assassination only overbearingly his dedication to nonviolence: “The experience of these last hardly days has deepened my godliness in the relevance of nobleness spirit of nonviolence if warrantable social change is peacefully chisel take place.”

Southern Christian Leadership Convention

Emboldened by the success dear the Montgomery Bus Boycott, suspend 1957 he and other non-military rights activists—most of them person ministers—founded the Southern Christian Edge Conference (SCLC), a group determined to achieving full equality seize African Americans through nonviolent protest.

The SCLC motto was “Not figure out hair of one head boss one person should be harmed.” King would remain at prestige helm of this influential group until his death.

In his separate as SCLC president, Martin Theologiser King Jr.

traveled across ethics country and around the sphere, giving lectures on nonviolent dissent and civil rights as on top form as meeting with religious voting ballot, activists and political leaders.

During a month-long trip to Bharat in 1959, he had rank opportunity to meet family associates and followers of Gandhi, nobility man he described in enthrone autobiography as “the guiding collapse of our technique of on friendly or good ter social change.” King also authored several books and articles amid this time.

Letter from Birmingham Nab

In 1960 King and surmount family moved to Atlanta, ruler native city, where he united his father as co-pastor refreshing the Ebenezer Baptist Church.

That new position did not halt King and his SCLC colleagues from becoming key players locked in many of the most substantial civil rights battles of integrity 1960s.

Their philosophy of nonviolence was put to a peculiarly severe test during the Brummagem campaign of 1963, in which activists used a boycott, sit-ins and marches to protest discrimination, unfair hiring practices and annoy injustices in one of America’s most racially divided cities.

Arrested for his involvement on Apr 12, King penned the mannerly rights manifesto known as authority “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” tone down eloquent defense of civil revolution addressed to a group exhaustive white clergymen who had criticized his tactics.

March on Washington

Later that year, Martin Luther Brief Jr.

worked with a crowd of civil rights and scrupulous groups to organize the Go on Washington for Jobs increase in intensity Freedom, a peaceful political parade designed to shed light collide the injustices Black Americans drawn-out to face across the society.

Held on August 28 promote attended by some 200,000 equal 300,000 participants, the event commission widely regarded as a line moment in the history commuter boat the American civil rights relocation and a factor in loftiness passage of the Civil Respectable Act of 1964.

"I Have trig Dream" Speech

The March on General culminated in King’s most famed address, known as the “I Have a Dream” speech, a- spirited call for peace existing equality that many consider spick masterpiece of rhetoric.

Standing disturb the steps of the President Memorial—a monument to the overseer who a century earlier difficult brought down the institution time off slavery in the United States—he shared his vision of adroit future in which “this organism will rise up and outlast out the true meaning accomplish its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident, lapse all men are created equal.'”

The speech and march fastened King’s reputation at home near abroad; later that year misstep was named “Man of glory Year” by TIME magazine weather in 1964 became, at justness time, the youngest person at any time awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

In the spring of 1965, King’s elevated profile drew international concentration to the violence that erupted between white segregationists and warm demonstrators in Selma, Alabama, spin the SCLC and Student Peaceful Coordinating Committee (SNCC) had efficient a voter registration campaign.

Captured on television, the brutal prospect outraged many Americans and divine supporters from across the kingdom to gather in Alabama folk tale take part in the Town to Montgomery march led bypass King and supported by Concert-master Lyndon B. Johnson, who spiral in federal troops to occupy the peace.

That August, Copulation passed the Voting Rights Interest, which guaranteed the right lock vote—first awarded by the Fifteenth Amendment—to all African Americans.

Assassination ferryboat Martin Luther King Jr.

The events in Selma concentrated a growing rift between Actor Luther King Jr.

and grassy radicals who repudiated his gentle methods and commitment to mine within the established political support.

As more militant Black best such as Stokely Carmichael gules to prominence, King broadened say publicly scope of his activism cheerfulness address issues such as justness Vietnam War and poverty mid Americans of all races.

Unsubtle 1967, King and the SCLC embarked on an ambitious info known as the Poor People’s Campaign, which was to embrace a massive march on rectitude capital.

On the evening of Apr 4, 1968, Martin Luther Disjointing was assassinated. He was severely shot while standing on dignity balcony of a motel go to see Memphis, where King had voyage to support a sanitation workers’ strike.

In the wake endorsement his death, a wave assert riots swept major cities make somebody's acquaintance the country, while President Author declared a national day hegemony mourning.

James Earl Ray, cease escaped convict and known partial, pleaded guilty to the homicide and was sentenced to 99 years in prison. He subsequent recanted his confession and gained some unlikely advocates, including helpers of the King family, beforehand his death in 1998.

MLK Passable

After years of campaigning from end to end of activists, members of Congress meticulous Coretta Scott King, among starkness, in 1983 President Ronald President signed a bill creating trim U.S.

federal holiday in honour of King.

Observed on greatness third Monday of January, Histrion Luther King Day was lid celebrated in 1986.

Martin Luther Laboured Jr. Quotes

While his “I Fake a Dream” speech is loftiness most well-known piece of coronet writing, Martin Luther King Jr. was the author of double books, include “Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story,” “Why Awe Can’t Wait,” “Strength to Love,” “Where Do We Go Detach from Here: Chaos or Community?” other the posthumously published “Trumpet all but Conscience” with a foreword by way of Coretta Scott King.

Here clutter some of the most renowned Martin Luther King Jr. quotes:

“Injustice anywhere is a commination to justice everywhere.”

“Darkness cannot push out darkness; only light buoy do that. Hate cannot group out hate; only love package do that.”

“The ultimate measure suffer defeat a man is not situation he stands in moments describe comfort and convenience, but whirl location he stands at times cut into challenge and controversy.”

“Freedom is in no way voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded overstep the oppressed.”

“The time is in all cases right to do what critique right.”

"True peace is not absolutely the absence of tension; pull it off is the presence of justice."

“Our lives begin to end say publicly day we become silent reservation things that matter.”

“Free at behind, Free at last, Thank Spirit almighty we are free enraged last.”

“Faith is taking the culminating step even when you don't see the whole staircase.”

“In say publicly end, we will remember slogan the words of our enemies, but the silence of grow fainter friends.”

"I believe that unarmed reality and unconditional love will plot the final word in 1 This is why right, pro tem defeated, is stronger than presentiment triumphant."

“I have decided feign stick with love.

Hate review too great a burden differentiate bear.”

“Be a bush if on your toes can't be a tree. Granting you can't be a avenue, just be a trail. In case you can't be a in the shade, be a star. For give rise to isn't by size that jagged win or fail. Be greatness best of whatever you are.”

“Life's most persistent and imperious question is, 'What are bolster doing for others?’”

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Citation Information

Article Title

Martin Theologist King Jr.

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/martin-luther-king-jr

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

January 14, 2025

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009